![]() Different characteristics between general population and blood donors might contribute to the discrepancy on ABO distribution, because it was found that Han donors were under-represented (86.2%) compared with the general population (>90%). ![]() In the Chinese blood donors, Guo and colleagues 4 reported that O phenotype was the most frequent (34.0%) and RhD– phenotype was 1.0% among 512 594 donations at five blood centres in China. This was a general population of patients without heart disease, therefore the data matches closely to our study conducted as there were likely to be all ethnicities present. Zu and colleagues 17 reported A, O, B and AB phenotypes to be 31.9%, 31.0%, 28.1% and 9.1%, respectively, in 19 247 patients without congenital heart disease in China, which were similar with our findings. In this population-based study involving 3.8 million adults in China, we found that the A phenotype was the most common, followed by the O, B and AB phenotypes O phenotype was more frequent in the Zhuang group and RhD– phenotype was more frequent in the Uygur group. 16 How ABO/RhD blood groups are distributed in the general population is of interest to improve blood services. 16 China has 452 blood banks and 32 blood centres nationwide but still faces challenges in limited donors and blood shortage. Similar with other developing countries, China has made progress on blood safety and availability through persistent efforts on blood screening and supply in the past decades. 15 A total of 318 180 (7.7%) participants who did not undergo ABO and RhD blood typing were excluded, yielding 3 832 034 enrolled participants who were included for analysis. All participants were provided with written informed consent forms before enrolment.įrom 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2012, there were 4 150 214 participants (2 120 131 women and 2 030 083 men) aged 21–49 years from 220 counties in 31 provinces enrolled in the NFPHEP, covering 86.1% of the target population. 11–14 This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Chinese Association of Maternal and Child Health Studies. Project-related design and implementation were previously described. It was launched by the Chinese National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Finance in 2010. We performed a nationwide population-based, cross-sectional study using data from the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project (NFPHEP), which is a national health check-up programme that offers free preconception health examinations and counselling services for married couples preparing for pregnancy. Thus, we conducted a large population-based study to investigate the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups in different ethnic groups in the general population in China to provide reliable data for better development of rational strategies for blood collection and management. However, studies that focused on the frequency and ethnic distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups in the general population have been scarce in China. 10 Thus, data regarding the frequencies and ethnic distributions of ABO and RhD blood groups in the general population may help us to develop rational and evidence-based strategies for blood collection and management. ![]() 10 Nine per cent of Chinese donate blood, and more than 60% of donors are first-time donors. 9 Despite steady increases in total blood collections and voluntary non-remunerated donors, China faces challenges to its blood donation system. ![]() 8 Social–economic development and increased healthcare coverage have increased the demand for blood and its products in China. 3 Data regarding the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups were primarily obtained from blood donors in previous studies, while little data came from the general population.Ĭhina comprises more than 20% of the world’s population. 3 5 7 In the USA, the percentage of group O varies from 39.8% in Asian donors to 56.5% in Hispanic donors, and the proportion of RhD– varies from 1.7% in Asian donors to 17.3% in White non-Hispanic donors. 6 The proportion of those with RhD-negative (RhD–) blood has been reported to be 14.6% in the USA, 3 17.9% in Sweden and Denmark 6 and between 0.4% and 1.0% in China 4 this also varies among different races or ethnic populations. 1 2 The distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups varies throughout the world 3–5 previous studies have found the percentage of blood group O to be 46.6% in the USA, 3 34% in China, 4 49.10% in Mauritania, 5 38.9% in Sweden 6 and 42.3% in Denmark. ABO and RhD blood groups, the most well-known blood group systems, are of key importance for transfusion safety and clinical practice and are also thought to be linked with disease susceptibility.
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